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Isahluko 3

Ukuxebuka Nokuphuma Kulomhlaba

Imvamisa ama-anī nāma-yogī bangamaphika-siqu, yize-ke bezuza inkululeko noma ukusindiswa kwesikhashana ngokuthi bangene eNkazimulweni emkhathini weZulu. Ngokuchaza kwe-Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam ulwazi noma ukwazi kwabo akuthathwa njengokumsulwa. Ngokulandela izindlela zokuzihlawulisa (penances), ukudela imihlobiso yezwe (austerities) kanye nokuzindla (meditation) banyukela ezingeni lokulibona iqiniso elimsulwa, kodwa njengoba sekuchaziwe yize sebenyuke kangaka baphinde bawe futhi bawele endleleni yenyama ngoba abazange basinake isiqu sika-Kṛṣṇa. Uma ungazange ukuqikelele ukuthi ubambelele ukhothame ezinyaweni zika-Kṛṣṇa, uzophoqeka ukuthi uphinde wehlele enyameni. Umqondo womuntu ohlakaniphile ucabanga ngokuthi” Nkosi yami ngiyisikhonzi Sakho saphakade, ngisize imisebenzi yami yonke ngiyibhekise enkonzweni Yakho.” U-Kṛṣṇa ubuye abizwe ngo ajitaḥ okusho lowo onganqotshwa yilutho. Akekho noyedwa onganqoba uNkulunkulu. Ngokusho kwe-Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam”lowo okulesisimo sokucabanga angayinqoba kalula iNkosi”. I-Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam iphinde iyasikhuza kulomkhuba wokuthanda ukukala iZulu. Asikwazi ngisho ukukala okomhlaba yize kunesiqalo nesiphetho okweZulu khona sizokuqala ngakuphi! Awusoze wakwazi ukukala ubude nobubanzi buka Kṛṣṇa ngalolulwazi lwakho oluncu ncu ncu, kanti lowo okwazi ukufinyelela kulowo mbono ama-Vedas amthatha njengomuntu okhaliphile. Umuntu kumele akuqonde ngokuzehlisa ukuthi uyingxenye engelutho kulomhlabakazi. Ukuzama ukushiya noma ukufulathela imizamo yokuqonda uNkulunkulu ngolwazi olufushane noma ngokunweba-nweba umqondo ngokuqagela, simelwe ukuzehlisa sizwe ngoMdali ngokulalela imithombo ethembekile negunyaziwe njengo Bhagavad-gītā, noma silalele amazwi aphuma kulabo asebekhululiwe enyameni asebelibona iQiniso elimsulwa.

Kwi-Bhagavad-gītā u-Arjuna uzwa ngoMdali ngokulalela u-Kṛṣṇa uqobo Lwakhe. Lesi senzo singumhlahlandlela emkhakheni wokuqonda ngoNkulunkulu, ukulalela ngokuzehlisa. Kuyindawo yethu ukulalela i-Bhagavad-gītā ikhulunywa ngu-Arjuna noma isithunywa Sakhe esigunyaziwe, umphathi kamoya (spiritual master). Ngemuva kokuzwa, kubalulekile ukuthi okuzwile ukwenze empilweni yakho yansuku zonke. ”Nkosi yami Wena awunqotshwa, ”isikhonzi sikhuleka kanjalo.” Kodwa ngokulandela lendlela yokulalela siyakunqoba.” UNkulunkulu akanqotshwa, kodwa lesosikhonzi sakhe esesihlukene nendlela yokuqagela kodwa esesilalela amazwi emithonjeni ethembekile kanye negunyaziwe, leso sikhonzi siyamnqoba.

Ngokusho kwe-Brahma-saṁhitā zimbili izindlela zokuqongelela ulwazi. Eyodwa eyokuziphenyela kanti enye eyokunikwa ukuthelelwa ngolwazi. Ngokulandela indlela yokuziphenyela uyazidla ngolwazi osuzitholele lona, lendlela ikwenza ukuthi uzigqaje ngolwazi lwakho, ungabi nandaba nokuphathwa.” Anginandaba nabaphathi nemibhalo engcwele, ngizoziqoqela ulwazi ngokwami ngokuzindla, ukuvoca-voca ingqondo ngefilosofi njalo njalo. Ngiyoze ngifinyelele ekuqondeni uMdali.” Indlela yesibili, indlela yokuthelelwa ngolwazi. Lena yindlela yokwamukela ulwazi oluvela kubaphathiswa abangaphezulu kwethu. I-Brahma-saṁhitā ithi umuntu obamba lendlela yokuzi phenyela, agijime ngayo ngejubane lomoya noma lengqondo futhi agijime iminyaka engaphezu kwezigidi, uyogcina engafinyelelanga esiphethweni. Kuyena iqiniso liyohlala njalo limphunyuka futhi lingaqondakali. Kodwa leloqiniso libekwe ngokucacile kwi-Bhagavad-gītā, ananya-cetāḥ. U-Kṛṣṇa uthi zindla ngaye (mbheke ngaphakathi enhliziyweni) kodwa ungachezukile endleleni yokuzinikela ngokumkhonza ngemisebenzi yothando. ”Kulowo ongikhothamela kanje ngitholakala kalula” (tasyāhaṁ sulabhaḥ). Iyona ndlela lena. Uma usebenzela u-Kṛṣṇa usu ku lonke, u-Kṛṣṇa ngeke akukhohlwe. Ngokuzehlisa wenza ukuthi u-Kṛṣṇa akubone. U-Guru mahārāja, Bhaktisiddhānta Sarasvatī wayehlale esho ethi, ”Musa ukuzama ukubona uNkulunkulu. Ucabanga ukuthi uNkulunkulu uzofika azokuma phambi kwakho njengenceku yakho, ngoba nakhu wena ufuna ukumbona? Leyo akusiyona indlela yokuzehlisa. Kumele simhehe ngemisebenzi yethu nangothando lwethu.”

INkosi u-Caitanya Mahāprabhu, wafika wanikeza abantu indlela eqondile yokuzisondeza ku. U-Rūpa Gosvāmī umfundi wakhe wokuqala wayithakaselela lendlela. U-Rūpa Gosvāmī kwakungu ngqongqoshe kuhulumeni wombuso wamaSulumane, kodwa wasishiya isikhundla sakhe kuhulumeni ukuyoba ngumfundi ka-Caitanya Mahāprabhu. Efika okokuqala ukuzobona iNkosi wafika wakhuleka kanje:

namo mahā-vadānyāya
kṛṣṇa-prema-pradāya te
kṛṣṇāya kṛṣṇa-caitanya-
nāmne gaura-tviṣe namaḥ

“Ngicela ukukhothama ngaphambi kweNkosi yamakhosi, u-Kṛṣṇa Caitanya onomusa nozwelo ukudlula zonke iziqu zoMdali ezehlela lapha emhlabeni, (avataras) umusa wakhe odlula ngisho u-Kṛṣṇa uqobo Lwakhe, ngoba uphana mahhala ngalokho okungakaze omunye aphane ngakho, uthando luka-Kṛṣṇa? (Cc. Madhya 19.53)

U-Rūpa Gosvāmī lapha ubiza u-Caitanya Mahāprabhu ngo ”msaphazi wezipho obadlula bonke” umbiza ngalowo obadlula bonke ngokuphana, ngoba wayephisana mahhala ngento eyigugu ukudlula wonke amagugu emhlabeni, uthando luka Nkulunkulu. Sonke siyamfuna u Kṛṣṇa, simlangazelele. UKṛṣṇa uyilokho okulangazelelwa yikho konke okuphilayo, akukho lutho olukhanga (attractive) ukudlula u Kṛṣṇa, u-Kṛṣṇa udlulele ngobuhle, ngokunotha, ngezikhwepha, ngemfundiso. Lezi yizinto esihlala sizilangazelele. Sihlala silangazelele lokho okuhle, okunamandla, okufundisiwe, okunothile. U-Kṛṣṇa ungumthombo wakho konke lokhu, ngakho sidinga nje kuphela ukuphendukela kuye, sizokuthola konke esikudingayo. Konke nanoma yini. Lendlela yokwazi u-Kṛṣṇa uyindlela efeza zonke izifiso ezisenhliziyweni kumuntu.

Kulowo ofa ekhumbula u-Kṛṣṇa ukungena e-Kṛṣṇaloka kuqinisekisiwe, okuyikhaya lika-Kṛṣṇa elisesicongweni eZulwini, njengoba sekuchaziwe ngaphambilini. Ngalokhu mhlawumbe umuntu usengazibuza ukuthi kuzomsiza ngani ukungena kulelo khaya. U-Kṛṣṇa uyaziphendulela lowo mbuzo ngokwakhe:

mām upetya punar janma
duḥkhālayam aśāśvatam
nāpnuvanti mahātmānaḥ
saṁsiddhiṁ paramāṁ gatāḥ

“Sebefinyelele Kimi, lezingqalabutho, ezingama-yogī ngokuzinikela Kimi, abaphinde babuyele kulomhlaba wesikhashana, ogcwele izinsizi, ngoba sebezuze iqophelo elisesicongweni.” (Gītā 8.15)

U-Śrī Kṛṣṇa uyaqinisekisa ukuthi lomhlaba i-duḥkhālayam — yindawo yenhlupheko. Pho singawu phendula ngani ukuthi kube yindawo entofontofo? Ingabe ibanga esesilihambile ngokwe sayensi lizosilekelela ukuthi siphendule lomhlaba ube ntofontofo? Ngeshwa lokhu ngeke kusize ngalutho. Lokhu sekusiholele ekutheni singabe sisafuna ngisho nokwazi ukuthi lezi zici ziyini. Lezi zici njengoba sezike zabalulwa [ukuzalwa, ukuguga, ukugula kanye nokufa] siyahluleka ukuzixazulula, kunalokho sesivele sizishanelele ngaphansi kukamata. Isayensi yesimanje ayihlakaniphile ngokwanele ngoba ayinawo amandla okusombulula lezinsizi esibhekene nazo ezihlala zisixakile, esikhundleni salokho bajika umhlaba esiphila bawubhekise ekwakhiweni kwezikhali zembubhiso kanye nemikhumbimkhathi. Isisombululo salezinsizi sinikiwe sona lapha kwi-Bhagavad-gītā: umuntu osenyukele ezingeni lokuphila ngokuzwa u-Kṛṣṇa, akaphinde abuyele kulomhlaba onokuzalwa nokufa. Kumele sizame ukukuqonda lokhu ukuthi lomhlaba ugcwele usizi. Kuthatha isamba esithile sokukhula komqondo ukukubona lokhu. Amakati, izinja, nezingulube azikwazi ukubona ukuthi zisosizini (kuyabheda!) Ngokujwayelekile umuntu ubizwa ngesilwane esinengqondo, kodwa leyongqondo yomuntu isetshenziselwa ukuqhubeza phambili ukuziphathisa okwesilwane, esikhundleni sokuthi isetshenziselwe ukuthola isisombululo sokuphuma kulolusizi lokuphila kulomhlaba. Lapha u-Kṛṣṇa ukubeka kuyacaca, akacashisi lutho ukuthi lowo ofinyelela kuye nongasayokuphinde azalwe kulolusizi, uyobe ukhululiwe. Lezozingqalabutho ezifika kuye sezifike eqophelweni elisesicongweni lokuphila, eliphumuza izidalwa empilweni ebuhlungu yokubuswa yinyama.

Enye yezinto ezenza ukuthi u-Kṛṣṇa ahluke kubantu abadaliwe ukuthi abantu abadaliwe bakwazi ukuba sendaweni eyodwa ngesikhathi esisodwa, kodwa u-Kṛṣṇa ukwazi ukuba kuyo yonke indalo ngesikhathi esisodwa futhi ngaso lesosikhathi ebe ehlezi eZulwini. Ikhaya lika-Kṛṣṇa embusweni weZulu libizwa ngokuthi kuse Goloka Vṛndāvana. Le Vṛndāvana eseNdiya kuseyiyona le Vṛndāvana eyehliselwa kulomhlaba. U-Kṛṣṇa uma ehlela kulomhlaba, ngamandla Akhe afihlakele, ikhaya Lakhe labe selehla kanye Naye. Ngamanye amazwi u-Kṛṣṇa uma ehlela kulomhlaba uvela kulendawo yase-Vṛndāvana. Phezu kwalokhu, ikhaya lika-Kṛṣṇa lihlala njalo lise-Vaikuntha. Kulelivesi u-Kṛṣṇa umemezela ukuthi lowo osefinyelele eVaikuntha ngeke aphinde azalwe kulomhlaba, lowo muntu ubizwa nge-mahātmā. Ngokwasemazweni ase Ntshonalanga igama elithi mahātmā lidume ngokubizwa kuka Mahātmā Gandhi, kodwa kumele sikuqonde ukuthi leligama akusilo nje igama lokubiza osopolitiki abaqavile kodwa yigama elikhomba iqophelo eliphakeme lokwazi nokuhlala kuNkulunkulu, okuyizinga elingasemnyango ophumela ezulwini, ekhaya lika-Kṛṣṇa. Iqophelo le-mahātmā lokuphumelela ileli: ukukwazi ukusebenzisa impilo yalomzimba kanye nezinto zalomhlaba ukuzikhulula ekuboshelweni kulokuzalwa nokufa.

Umuntu ohlakaniphile uyazi ukuthi akalufuni lolusizi, nakuba efunzwa lona ngenkani yize engaluthandi. Njengoba besekuke kwachazwa ukuthi sisosizini nje ingenxa yokuhlushwa yingqondo, umzimba, izimo zemvelo ezisiphazamisayo, nezidalwa ezinye esiphila nazo. Yingakho ngokujwayelekile umhlaba ubizwa ngokuthi ”umhlaba ohlabayo.” Akuphunyukeki, kuhlale kukhona okuthize esihlatshwa ngakho. Lomhlaba ingakho kuthiwa uyahlaba nje ngoba umsebenzi wawo munye vo: ukuhlaba kuphela, ukuba awuhlabi ngabe akekho ozihlupha ngokusondela kuNkulunkulu. Ngendlela efihlakele lokhukuhlaba kuyisibusiso sokusiza ukuthi siphuthume sinyusele imimoya yethu ku-Kṛṣṇa. Umuntu ohlakaniphile uyawufaka lombuzo wokuthi kwenziwa yini ukuthi noma singathandi ukuhlupheka kodwa isidalwa esingumuntu sifunzwa kona ngenkani. Kodwa-ke lempucuzeko esesiphila kuyo njengamanje isikhuthaza ukuthi; ”Kulungile angikwamukele lokhu kuhlupheka kwami, kodwa angikugqibe ngezidakamizwa.” Inkinga ukuthi uma sesiphelile egazini lesosidakamizwa, nosizi luyabuya. Ukuthatha izidakamizwa akusoze kwaletha isixazululo esingunaphakade salokhu kuhlupheka kwalapha emhlabeni. Isixazululo siyolethwa kuphela yilendlela yokwazi u-Kṛṣṇa kuphela.

Omunye usengaphawula nje athi yize izikhonzi zika-Kṛṣṇa zimashushu ngokuya ezulwini lika-Kṛṣṇa kodwa uquqaba lapha emhlabeni lumashushu ngokuya enyangeni. Ukuya enyangenii kona ingabe akunazinga yini? Umkhuba wokugcaluza kuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba kuyinto eyimvelo esidalweni esiphilayo, kungakho sibizwa ngokuthi sarva gata okusho ukuthi ”lowo ofuna ukuhamba yonke indawo.” Ukuhamba kuyingxenye yempilo yesidalwa esiphilayo. Isifiso sokuya enyangeni akusiyo into entsha. Ngisho nama-yogī anogqozi lokungena emihlabeni ephezulu, kodwa kwi-Bhagavad-gītā (8.16) u-Kṛṣṇa uyakuhlaba lokhu uthi angeke kuze kusize ngalutho.

ābrahma-bhuvanāl lokāḥ
punar āvartino ’rjuna
mām upetya tu kaunteya
punar janma na vidyate

“Kusukela phezulu emhlabeni osesicongweni kulomhlabakazi kuze kuyoshaya kophansi kunayo yonke, iyindawo lapho kuhlala khona usizi, lapho ukuzalwa kanye nokufa kunendawo khona. Kodwa lowo ophumelela ukufika kweLami ikhaya, Awu ndodana ka-Kuntī, akaphinde azalwe futhi.” (Gītā 8.16)

Lomhlabakazi uhlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu zokuhlelwa kwemihlaba. Kunohlelo lwemihlaba oluphezulu, kube oluphakathi, bese kuba olwemihlaba ephansi. Lomhlaba esikuwo wona uthathwa njengobekwe ohlelweni lwemihlaba ephakathi. U-Kṛṣṇa uyakukhomba lapha ukuthi ngisho umuntu angangena kulomhlaba osesicongweni ngokohlelo lwemihlaba ephezulu obizwa ngokuthi i-Brahmaloka, nakhona lapho ukuzalwa nokufa kusenayo indawo. Eminye imihlaba kulomhlabakazi nayo igcwele izidalwa eziphilayo. Singacabangi ukuthi ngoba nakhu thina siphila kulomhlaba ngakho-ke eminye imihlaba iyazigunquzela nje, ayinamuntu. Sinabo ubufakazi bokuthi kulomhlaba ayikho indawo engena lutho oluphilayo, uma simba sibheke phansi siyathola ukuthi kunemnyundu, uma sishona phansi emanzini sithola ukuthi kunezidalwa zamanzi, uma sikhuphukela emoyeni sithola okuningi okundizayo njengezinyoni. Pho umuntu ufinyelela kanjani esiphethweni sokuthi kweminye imihlaba akunalutho na? U-Kṛṣṇa usakukhomba lokhu ukuthi ngisho umuntu anganyukela kulemihlaba esohlelweni oluphezulu lapho kuhlala khona othixo bezwe abanamandla, kodwa nakhona siyophinda sisifice lesisimo sokuhlushwa ukufa. Uyaphinda uyasho futhi ukuthi ngokufinyelela kweLakhe ikhaya awusadingi ukuthi uphinde uzalwe.

Simelwe ukuzikhandla ukuze sizuze isimo sethu saphakade esigcwele ukwazi nentokozo engenamkhawulo. Sesikhohliwe ukuthi lokhu iyona nhloso yokuphila komuntu, lena iyona nzuzo yoqobo kumuntu. Yini eyenze ukuthi sikukhohlwe lokhu na? Kulula. Sikhungethwe ubucwebe bezwe, amabhilidi aphakeme, amafemu, imidlalo yeze politiki, yize sazi kahle kamhlophe ukuthi noma ungalakha liphakame kangakanani ibhilidi lakho ngeke uhlale kulona kuze kube phakade. Ngakho-ke akumele sichithe amandla ethu ngokwakha izinto ezizoqhubeka nokusibiyela sibhajwe kulomhlaba zenze ukuthi sithande ukuqhubeka nokuhlala, okungcono asiwasebenzisele ukukhulisa ukumazi nokumuzwa u-Kṛṣṇa, ukuze sizuze lowamzimba wokungena eZulwini. Lendlela yokumazi nokumuzwa u-Kṛṣṇa akusiyona indlela noma isu elithize lenkolo noma mhlawumbe indlela ethize yokuchitha isizungu ngokomoya, kodwa iyingxeye yesidalwa esiphilayo ebaluleke kunazo zonke.