Texts 11-12

Texto

Text

nāmadheyāni kurvanti
sthānāni ca narā bhuvi
durgeti bhadrakālīti
vijayā vaiṣṇavīti ca

kumudā caṇḍikā kṛṣṇā
mādhavī kanyaketi ca
māyā nārāyaṇīśānī
śāradety ambiketi ca

Palabra por palabra

Synonyms

nāmadheyāni — distintos nombres; kurvanti — darán; sthānāni — en distintos lugares; ca — también; narāḥ — las personas absortas en el disfrute material; bhuvi — sobre la superficie del globo; durgā iti — el nombre Durgā; bhadrakālī iti — el nombre Bhadrakālī; vijayā — el nombre Vijayā; vaiṣṇavī iti — el nombre Vaiṣṇavī; ca — también; kumudā — el nombre Kumudā; caṇḍikā — el nombre Caṇḍikā; kṛṣṇā — el nombre Kṛṣṇā; mādhavī — el nombre Mādhavī; kanyakā iti — el nombre Kanyakā o Kanyā-kumārī; ca — también; māyā — el nombre Māyā; nārāyaṇī — el nombre Nārāyaṇī; īśānī — el nombre Īśānī; śāradā — el nombre Śāradā; iti — así; ambikā — el nombre Ambikā; iti — también; ca — y.

nāmadheyāni — different names; kurvanti — will give; sthānāni — in different places; ca — also; narāḥ — persons interested in material enjoyment; bhuvi — on the surface of the globe; durgā iti — the name Durgā; bhadrakālī iti — the name Bhadrakālī; vijayā — the name Vijayā; vaiṣṇavī iti — the name Vaiṣṇavī; ca — also; kumudā — the name Kumudā; caṇḍikā — the name Caṇḍikā; kṛṣṇā — the name Kṛṣṇā; mādhavī — the name Mādhavī; kanyakā iti — the name Kanyakā or Kanyā-kumārī; ca — also; māyā — the name Māyā; nārāyaṇī — the name Nārāyaṇī; īśānī — the name Īśānī; śāradā — the name Śāradā; iti — thus; ambikā — the name Ambikā; iti — also; ca — and.

Traducción

Translation

El Señor Kṛṣṇa bendijo a Māyādevī diciendo: En distintos lugares de la Tierra, la gente te conocerá con distintos nombres, como Durgā, Bhadrakālī, Vijayā, Vaiṣṇavī, Kumudā, Caṇḍikā, Kṛṣṇā, Mādhavī, Kanyakā, Māyā, Nārāyaṇī, Īśānī, Śāradā y Ambikā.

Lord Kṛṣṇa blessed Māyādevī by saying: In different places on the surface of the earth, people will give you different names, such as Durgā, Bhadrakālī, Vijayā, Vaiṣṇavī, Kumudā, Caṇḍikā, Kṛṣṇā, Mādhavī, Kanyakā, Māyā, Nārāyaṇī, Īśānī, Śāradā and Ambikā.

Significado

Purport

Como Kṛṣṇa y Su energía aparecieron al mismo tiempo, la gente suele formar dos grupos —los śāktas y los vaiṣṇavas—, entre los cuales surgen a veces rivalidades. En esencia, śāktas son aquellos que aspiran al disfrute material, y vaiṣṇavas son quienes aspiran a la salvación espiritual y a alcanzar el reino espiritual. La gente suele sentirse atraída por el disfrute material, y esa atracción se refleja en su adoración de Māyādevī, la energía de la Suprema Personalidad de Dios. Los vaiṣṇavas, sin embargo, son śuddha-śāktas, o bhaktas puros, pues el mahā-mantra Hare Kṛṣṇa incide en la adoración de Harā, la energía del Señor Supremo. El vaiṣṇava ora a la energía del Señor pidiéndole la oportunidad de servir al Señor y a Su energía espiritual. Por ello, todos los vaiṣṇavas adoran Deidades de Rādhā-Kṛṣṇa, Sītā-Rāma, Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa y Rukmiṇī-Dvārakādhīśa, mientras que los durgā-śāktas adoran a la energía material con diversos nombres.

Because Kṛṣṇa and His energy appeared simultaneously, people have generally formed two groups — the śāktas and the Vaiṣṇavas — and sometimes there is rivalry between them. Essentially, those who are interested in material enjoyment are śāktas, and those interested in spiritual salvation and attaining the spiritual kingdom are Vaiṣṇavas. Because people are generally interested in material enjoyment, they are interested in worshiping Māyādevī, the energy of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Vaiṣṇavas, however, are śuddha-śāktas, or pure bhaktas, because the Hare Kṛṣṇa mahā-mantra indicates worship of the Supreme Lord’s energy, Harā. A Vaiṣṇava prays to the energy of the Lord for the opportunity to serve the Lord along with His spiritual energy. Thus Vaiṣṇavas all worship such Deities as Rādhā-Kṛṣṇa, Sītā-Rāma, Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa and Rukmiṇī-Dvārakādhīśa, whereas durgā-śāktas worship the material energy under different names.

Vallabhācārya ha hecho una lista de los nombres con que se conoce a Māyādevī en distintos lugares. En Vārāṇasī se la conoce como Durgā; en Avantī recibe el nombre de Bhadrakālī; en Orissa, su nombre es Vijayā; y en Kulahāpura, Vaiṣṇavī o Mahālakṣmī (las representaciones de Mahālakṣmī y Ambikā pueden encontrarse en Bombay). En el país de Kāmarūpa, se la llama Caṇḍikā; en el norte de la India, Śāradā; y en Cabo Comorín, Kanyakā. De este modo, se reparte por diversos lugares con distintos nombres.

The names by which Māyādevī is known in different places have been listed by Vallabhācārya as follows. In Vārāṇasī she is known as Durgā, in Avantī she is known as Bhadrakālī, in Orissa she is known as Vijayā, and in Kulahāpura she is known as Vaiṣṇavī or Mahālakṣmī. (The representatives of Mahālakṣmī and Ambikā are present in Bombay.) In the country known as Kāmarūpa she is known as Caṇḍikā, in Northern India as Śāradā, and in Cape Comorin as Kanyakā. Thus she is distributed according to various names in various places.

Śrīla Vijayadhvaja Tīrthapāda, en su Pada-ratnāvalī-ṭīkā, ha explicado el significado de cada una de esas representaciones. Māyā es conocida con el nombre de Durgā porque es muy difícil llegar a ella, con el nombre de Bhadrā porque es auspiciosa, y con el nombre de Kālī porque su color es azul oscuro. Por ser la energía más poderosa, se la llama Vijayā; por ser una de las energías de Viṣṇu, Vaiṣṇavī; y porque disfruta en el mundo material y facilita el disfrute material, recibe el nombre de Kumudā. Por su severidad con sus enemigos, los asuras, se la llama Caṇḍikā; y porque ofrece todo tipo de bienes materiales, Kṛṣṇā. De este modo, la energía material recibe distintos nombres, situada en diversos lugares de la superficie del globo.

Śrīla Vijayadhvaja Tīrthapāda, in his Pada-ratnāvalī-ṭīkā, has explained the meanings of the different representations. Māyā is known as Durgā because she is approached with great difficulty, as Bhadrā because she is auspicious, and as Kālī because she is deep blue. Because she is the most powerful energy, she is known as Vijayā; because she is one of the different energies of Viṣṇu, she is known as Vaiṣṇavī; and because she enjoys in this material world and gives facilities for material enjoyment, she is known as Kumudā. Because she is very severe to her enemies, the asuras, she is known as Caṇḍikā, and because she gives all sorts of material facilities, she is called Kṛṣṇā. In this way the material energy is differently named and situated in different places on the surface of the globe.