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Text 244

Text 244

Text

Verš

śṛṅgeri-maṭhe āilā śaṅkarācārya-sthāne
matsya-tīrtha dekhi’ kaila tuṅgabhadrāya snāne
śṛṅgeri-maṭhe āilā śaṅkarācārya-sthāne
matsya-tīrtha dekhi’ kaila tuṅgabhadrāya snāne

Synonyms

Synonyma

śṛṅgeri-maṭhe — to the Śṛṅgeri monastery; āilā — came; śaṅkarācārya-sthāne — at the place of Śaṅkarācārya; matsya-tīrtha — the holy place named Matsya-tīrtha; dekhi’ — seeing; kaila — did; tuṅgabhadrāya snāne — bathing in the river Tuṅgabhadrā.

śṛṅgeri-maṭhe — do kláštera Śṛṅgeri; āilā — přišel; śaṅkarācārya-sthāne — na místo, kde žil Śaṅkarācārya; matsya-tīrtha — posvátné místo Matsja-tírtha; dekhi' — když viděl; kaila — vykonal; tuṅgabhadrāya snāne — koupel v řece Tungabhadra.

Translation

Překlad

Then He saw the monastery known as Śṛṅgeri-maṭha, the abode of Ācārya Śaṅkara. He then visited Matsya-tīrtha, a place of pilgrimage, and took a bath in the river Tuṅgabhadrā.

Dále navštívil klášter Śṛṅgeri-maṭh, sídlo Ācāryi Śaṅkary, poutní místo Matsja-tírthu a vykoupal se v řece Tungabhadře.

Purport

Význam

The monastery known as Śṛṅgeri-maṭha is situated in the state of Karnataka, in the district of Chikmagalur. This monastery is located at the confluence of the rivers Tuṅga and Bhadrā, seven miles south of Harihara-pura. The real name of this place is Śṛṅga-giri or Śṛṅgavera-purī, and it is the headquarters of Śaṅkarācārya.

Klášter Śṛṅgeri-maṭh se nachází ve státě Karnátaka v oblasti Čikmagalúr na soutoku řek Tunga a Bhadra, jedenáct kilometrů na jih od Harihara-puru. Toto místo se ve skutečnosti jmenuje Šringa-giri nebo Šringavéra-purí a je to Śaṅkarācāryovo ústředí.

Śaṅkarācārya had four principal disciples, and he established four centers under their management. In North India at Badarikāśrama, the monastery named Jyotir-maṭha was established. At Puruṣottama, the Bhogavardhana or Govardhana monastery was established. In Dvārakā, the Sāradā monastery was established. And the fourth monastery, established in South India, is known as Śṛṅgeri-maṭha. In the Śṛṅgeri-maṭha, the sannyāsīs assume the designations Sarasvatī, Bhāratī and Purī. They are all ekadaṇḍi-sannyāsīs, distinguished from the Vaiṣṇava sannyāsīs, who are known as tridaṇḍi-sannyāsīs. The Śṛṅgeri-maṭha is situated in South India, in a portion of the country comprising Āndhra, Draviḍa, Karṇāṭa and Kerala. The community is called Bhūrivāra, and the dynasty is called Bhūr-bhuvaḥ. The place is called Rāmeśvara, and the slogan is ahaṁ brahmāsmi. The Deity is Lord Varāha, and the energetic power is Kāmākṣī. The ācārya is Hastāmalaka, and the brahmacārī assistants of the sannyāsīs are known as Caitanya. The place of pilgrimage is called Tuṅgabhadrā, and the subject for Vedic study is the Yajur Veda.

Śaṅkarācārya měl čtyři hlavní žáky a těm svěřil do opatrování čtyři střediska, která založil. V severní Indii byl v Badarikášramu založen klášter s názvem Jyotir-maṭha. V Purušóttamě byl založen klášter Bhogavardhana nebo také Govardhana. Ve Dvárace byl založen klášter Sāradā a čtvrtý klášter byl založen v jižní Indii pod názvem Śṛṅgeri-maṭh. Ve Śṛṅgeri-maṭhu přijímají sannyāsī tituly Sarasvatī, Bhāratī a Purī. Všichni jsou to ekadaṇḍi-sannyāsī, odlišní od vaiṣṇavských sannyāsīch, zvaných tridaṇḍi-sannyāsī. Śṛṅgeri-maṭh leží v jižní Indii v oblasti, do které patří Ándhra, Dravida, Karnáta a Kérala. Komunita se jmenuje Bhūrivāra a dynastie má název Bhūr-bhuvaḥ. Místo se jmenuje Ráméšvaram a místní slogan zní ahaṁ brahmāsmi. Božstvem je Pán Vāraha a energií je Kāmākṣī. Ācāryou je Hastāmalaka a brahmacārī, kteří asistují sannyāsīm, nesou jméno Caitanya. Poutní místo se jmenuje Tungabhadra a námětem studia Véd je Yajur Veda.

The list of the disciplic succession from Śaṅkarācārya is available, and the names of the ācāryas and the dates of their accepting sannyāsa, according to the Śaka Era (or Śakābda), are as follows (for approximate Christian-era dates, add 78 years): Śaṅkarācārya, 622 Śaka; Sureśvarācārya, 630; Bodhanācārya, 680; Jñānadhanācārya, 768; Jñānottama-śivācārya, 827; Jñānagiri Ācārya, 871; Siṁhagiri Ācārya, 958; Īśvara Tīrtha, 1019; Narasiṁha Tīrtha, 1067; Vidyātīrtha Vidyā-śaṅkara, 1150; Bhāratī-kṛṣṇa Tīrtha, 1250; Vidyāraṇya Bhāratī, 1253; Candraśekhara Bhāratī, 1290; Narasiṁha Bhāratī, 1309; Puruṣottama Bhāratī, 1328; Śaṅkarānanda, 1350; Candraśekhara Bhāratī, 1371; Narasiṁha Bhāratī, 1386; Puruṣottama Bhāratī, 1398; Rāmacandra Bhāratī, 1430; Narasiṁha Bhāratī, 1479; Narasiṁha Bhāratī, 1485; Dhanamaḍi-narasiṁha Bhāratī, 1498; Abhinava-narasiṁha Bhāratī, 1521; Saccidānanda Bhāratī, 1544; Narasiṁha Bhāratī, 1585; Saccidānanda Bhāratī, 1627; Abhinava-saccidānanda Bhāratī, 1663; Nṛsiṁha Bhāratī, 1689; Saccidānanda Bhāratī, 1692; Abhinava-saccidānanda Bhāratī, 1730; Narasiṁha Bhāratī, 1739; Saccidānanda Śivābhinava Vidyā-narasiṁha Bhāratī, 1788.

Seznam Śaṅkarācāryovy učednické posloupnosti a jména ācāryů i s daty, kdy podle éry Śaka (Śakābdy) přijali sannyās (pro přibližný přepočet do křesťanského letopočtu přidejte 78 let): Śaṅkarācārya, 622 Śaka; Sureśvarācārya, 630; Bodhanācārya, 680; Jñānadhanācārya, 768; Jñānottama-śivācārya, 827; Jñānagiri Ācārya, 871; Siṁhagiri Ācārya, 958; Īśvara Tīrtha, 1019; Narasiṁha Tīrtha, 1067; Vidyātīrtha Vidyā-śaṅkara, 1150; Bhāratī-kṛṣṇa Tīrtha, 1250; Vidyāraṇya Bhāratī, 1253; Candraśekhara Bhāratī, 1290; Narasiṁha Bhāratī, 1309; Puruṣottama Bhāratī, 1328; Śaṅkarānanda, 1350; Candraśekhara Bhāratī, 1371; Narasiṁha Bhāratī, 1386; Puruṣottama Bhāratī, 1398; Rāmacandra Bhāratī, 1430; Narasiṁha Bhāratī, 1479; Narasiṁha Bhāratī, 1485, Dhanamaḍi-narasiṁha Bhāratī, 1498; Abhinava-narasiṁha Bhāratī, 1521; Saccidānanda Bhāratī, 1544; Narasiṁha Bhāratī, 1585; Saccidānanda Bhāratī, 1627; Abhinava-saccidānanda Bhāratī, 1663; Nṛsiṁha Bhāratī, 1689; Saccidānanda Bhāratī 1692; Abhinava-saccidānanda Bhāratī, 1730; Narasiṁha Bhāratī, 1739; Saccidānanda Śivābhinava Vidyā-narasiṁha Bhāratī, 1788.

Regarding Śaṅkarācārya, it is understood that he was born in the year 608 of the Śakābda Era, in the month of Vaiśākha, on the third day of the waxing moon, in a place in South India known as Kālāḍi. His father’s name was Śivaguru, and he lost his father at an early age. When Śaṅkarācārya was only eight years old, he completed his study of all scriptures and took sannyāsa from Govinda, who was residing on the banks of the Narmadā. After accepting sannyāsa, Śaṅkarācārya stayed with his spiritual master for some days. He then took his permission to go to Vārāṇasī, and from there he went to Badarikāśrama, where he stayed until his twelfth year. While there, he wrote a commentary on the Brahma-sūtra, as well as on ten Upaniṣads and the Bhagavad-gītā. He also wrote Sanat-sujātīya and a commentary on the Nṛsiṁha-tāpanī. Among his many disciples, his four chief disciples are Padmapāda, Sureśvara, Hastāmalaka and Troṭaka. After departing from Vārāṇasī, Śaṅkarācārya went to Prayāga, where he met a great learned scholar called Kumārila Bhaṭṭa. Śaṅkarācārya wanted to discuss the authority of the scriptures, but Kumārila Bhaṭṭa, being on his deathbed, sent him to his disciple Maṇḍana, in the city of Māhiṣmatī. It was there that Śaṅkarācārya defeated Maṇḍana Miśra in a discussion of the śāstras. Maṇḍana had a wife named Sarasvatī, or Ubhaya-bhāratī, who served as mediator between Śaṅkarācārya and her husband. It is said that she wanted to discuss erotic principles and amorous love with Śaṅkarācārya, but Śaṅkarācārya had been a brahmacārī since birth and therefore had no experience in amorous love. He took a month’s leave from Ubhaya-bhāratī and, by his mystic power, entered the body of a king who had just died. In this way Śaṅkarācārya experienced the erotic principles. After attaining this experience, he wanted to discuss erotic principles with Ubhaya-bhāratī, but without hearing his discussion she blessed him and assured the continuous existence of the Śṛṅgeri-maṭha. She then took leave of material life. Afterwards, Maṇḍana Miśra took the order of sannyāsa from Śaṅkarācārya and became known as Sureśvara. Śaṅkarācārya defeated many scholars throughout India and converted them to his Māyāvāda philosophy. He left his material body at the age of thirty-three.

O Śaṅkarācāryovi je známo, že se narodil v roce 608 Śakābdy v měsíci Vaiśākha, třetí den dorůstajícího měsíce, na místě v jižní Indii známém jako Káládi. Svého otce, který se jmenoval Śivaguru, ztratil v raném mládí. Ve věku pouhých osmi let dokončil Śaṅkarācārya studium všech písem a od Govindy, který sídlil na břehu Narmady, přijal sannyās. Se svým duchovním mistrem zůstal několik dní a potom s jeho svolením odešel do Váránasí a dále do Badarikášramu, kde pobýval do svých dvanácti let. Tam také napsal komentář k Brahma-sūtře, deseti Upaniṣadám a Bhagavad-gītě. Napsal také Sanat-sujātīyu a komentář k Nṛsiṁha-tāpanī. Čtyřmi hlavními z jeho mnoha žáků byli Padmapāda, Sureśvara, Hastāmalaka a Toṭaka. Po odchodu z Váránasí šel Śaṅkarācārya do Prajágu, kde se setkal s nesmírně vzdělaným učencem Kumārilou Bhaṭṭou. Śaṅkarācārya s ním chtěl hovořit o autoritě písem, ale Kumārila Bhaṭṭa byl již na smrtelném lůžku, a tak ho poslal za svým žákem Maṇḍanou do města Máhišmatí. Tam Śaṅkarācārya Maṇḍanu Miśru porazil v diskusi o śāstrāch. Maṇḍana měl manželku Sarasvatī, známou též jako Ubhaya-bhāratī, která mezi Śaṅkarācāryou a svým manželem hrála roli prostředníka. Říká se, že chtěla se Śaṅkarācāryou hovořit o erotických tématech a milostné lásce, ale Śaṅkarācārya byl od narození brahmacārī, a tak s milostnou láskou neměl zkušenosti. Na měsíc od Ubhaya-bhāratī odešel, pomocí své mystické síly vstoupil do těla právě zemřelého krále a tímto způsobem získal erotické zážitky. Po této zkušenosti chtěl s Ubhaya-bhāratī hovořit o erotických tématech. Aniž by ho však vyslechla, požehnala mu a zajistila Śṛṅgeri-maṭhu trvalou existenci. Potom se rozloučila s hmotným životem. Maṇḍana Miśra potom od Śaṅkarācāryi přijal sannyās a proslul jako Sureśvara. Śaṅkarācārya porazil mnoho učenců po celé Indii a všechny je obrátil ke své māyāvādské filosofii. Své hmotné tělo opustil ve věku třiceti tří let.

As far as Matsya-tīrtha is concerned, it was supposedly situated beside the ocean in the district of Malabar.

Co se týče Matsja-tírthy, pravděpodobně se nacházela na břehu oceánu v okrese Malabár.