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Text

Texto

‘hiraṇya’, ‘govardhana’, — dui sahodara
saptagrāme bāra-lakṣa mudrāra īśvara

Synonyms

Palabra por palabra

hiraṇya — Hiraṇya; govardhana — Govardhana; dui sahodara — two brothers; saptagrāme — in the village named Saptagrāma; bāra-lakṣa — 1,200,000; mudrāra — of coins; īśvara — the masters.

hiraṇya — Hiraṇya; govardhana — Govardhana; dui sahodara — dos hermanos; saptagrāme — en la aldea de Saptagrāma; bāra-lakṣa — 1.200.000; mudrāra — de monedas; īśvara — los amos.

Translation

Traducción

Two brothers named Hiraṇya and Govardhana, who were residents of Saptagrāma, had an annual income of 1,200,000 rupees.

Dos hermanos llamados Hiraṇya y Govardhana, que vivían en Saptagrāma, tenían unos ingresos anuales de 1.200.000 rupias.

Purport

Significado

Hiraṇya and Govardhana were inhabitants of Saptagrāma in the district of Hugli. Actually they were inhabitants not of Saptagrāma but of a nearby village named Kṛṣṇapura. They took their birth in a big kāyastha family, and although their family title has not been ascertained, it is known that they came from an aristocratic family. The elder brother’s name was Hiraṇya Majumadāra, and the younger brother’s name was Govardhana Majumadāra. Śrī Raghunātha dāsa was the son of Govardhana Majumadāra. Their family priest was Balarāma Ācārya, who was a favorite of Haridāsa Ṭhākura’s, and the family’s spiritual master was Yadunandana Ācārya, a favorite of Vāsudeva Datta’s.

Hiraṇya y Govardhana vivían en Saptagrāma, en el distrito de Hugli. En realidad, no vivían exactamente en Saptagrāma, sino en Kṛṣṇapura, una localidad cercana. Habían nacido en una gran familia kāyastha, y, aunque no se ha conseguido averiguar el título que ostentaba la familia, se sabe que su ascendencia era aristocrática. El hermano mayor era Hiraṇya Majumadāra, y el menor se llamaba Govardhana Majumadāra. Śrī Raghunātha dāsa era hijo de Govardhana Majumadāra. El sacerdote de la familia era Balarāma Ācārya, a quien Haridāsa Ṭhākura distinguía especialmente, y el maestro espiritual de la familia era Yadunandana Ācārya, que gozaba del favor especial de Vāsudeva Datta.

The village of Saptagrāma is located on the Eastern Railway from Calcutta to Burdwan, and presently the railway station is called Triśabighā. In those days there was a large river there known as the Sarasvatī, and present-day Triśabighā is a great port. In 1592, the Pāṭhānas invaded, and due to a flooding of the Sarasvatī River in the year 1632, this great port was partially destroyed. It is said that in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, Portuguese businessmen used to come aboard their ships. In those days, Saptagrāma, situated on the southern side of Bengal, was very rich and popular. The merchants, who were the principal residents, were called Saptagrāma suvarṇa-vaṇiks. There were very many rich people there, and Hiraṇya Majumadāra and Govardhana Majumadāra belonged to the kāyastha community. They also were very rich, so much so that it is mentioned in this verse that their annual income as landlords amounted to 1,200,000 rupees. In this connection, one may refer to Ādi-līlā (chapter eleven, verse 41), which describes Uddhāraṇa Datta, who also belonged to the Saptagrāmī suvarṇa-vaṇik community.

La aldea de Saptagrāma está situada en la línea de ferrocarril del oeste que va de Calcutta a Burdwan, en la estación conocida actualmente con el nombre de Triśabighā. En aquellos días, por el lugar discurría un gran río llamado Sarasvatī; en la actual Triśabighā hay un gran puerto. En 1592 se produjo la invasión de los pāṭhānas, y en 1632, el río Sarasvatī se desbordó, causando la destrucción parcial de ese gran puerto, del que se explica que en los siglos XVII y XVIII era visitado por las naves de los comerciantes portugueses. En aquellos días, Saptagrāma, situada en la parte sur de Bengala, era muy rica y popular. Los comerciantes del lugar, que eran sus habitantes más importantes, recibían el nombre de suvarṇa-vaṇiks de Saptagrāma. De entre la mucha gente rica del lugar, Hiraṇya y Govardhana Majumadāra pertenecían a la comunidad kāyastha. También ellos eran muy ricos, tanto que en el verso se menciona que sus ingresos anuales en calidad de terratenientes se elevaban a 1.200.000 rupias. En relación con esto, puede consultarse el Ādi-līlā, (Capítulo Undécimo, Verso 41), donde se habla de Uddhāraṇa Datta, que también pertenecía a la comunidad suvarṇa-vaṇik de Saptagrāma.