TEXT 15

Devanagari

पाञ्चजन्यं हृषीकेशो देवदत्तं धनञ्जयः ।
पौण्ड्रं दध्मौ महाशङ्खं भीमकर्मा वृकोदरः ॥ १५ ॥

Text

Tekst

pāñcajanyaṁ hṛṣīkeśo
devadattaṁ dhanañ-jayaḥ
pauṇḍraṁ dadhmau mahā-śaṅkhaṁ
bhīma-karmā vṛkodaraḥ

Synonyms

pāñcajanyam — the conchshell named Pāñcajanya; hṛṣīka-īśaḥ — Hṛṣīkeśa (Kṛṣṇa, the Lord who directs the senses of the devotees); devadattam — the conchshell named Devadatta; dhanam-jayaḥ — Dhanañjaya (Arjuna, the winner of wealth); pauṇḍram — the conch named Pauṇḍra; dadhmau — blew; mahā-śaṅkham — the terrific conchshell; bhīma-karmā — one who performs herculean tasks; vṛka-udaraḥ — the voracious eater (Bhīma).

pāñcajanyam — konkylien Pāñcajanya; hṛṣīka-īśaḥ — Hṛṣīkeśa (Kṛṣṇa, Herren, som styrer de hengivnes sanser); devadattam — konkylien Devadatta; dhanam-jayaḥ — Dhanañjaya (Arjuna, vinderen af rigdomme); pauṇḍram — konkylien Pauṇḍra; dadhmau — blæste; mahā- śaṅkham — den skrækindjagende konkylie; bhīma-karmā — en, som udfører herkuliske bedrifter; vṛka-udaraḥ — ædedolken (Bhīma).

Translation

Lord Kṛṣṇa blew His conchshell, called Pāñcajanya; Arjuna blew his, the Devadatta; and Bhīma, the voracious eater and performer of herculean tasks, blew his terrific conchshell, called Pauṇḍra.

Herren Kṛṣṇa blæste i Sin konkylie ved navn Pāñcajanya, Arjuna blæste i sin, Devadatta, og Bhīma, ædedolken, der var kendt for sine herkuliske bedrifter, blæste i sin skrækindjagende konkylie ved navn Pauṇḍra.

Purport

Lord Kṛṣṇa is referred to as Hṛṣīkeśa in this verse because He is the owner of all senses. The living entities are part and parcel of Him, and therefore the senses of the living entities are also part and parcel of His senses. The impersonalists cannot account for the senses of the living entities, and therefore they are always anxious to describe all living entities as senseless, or impersonal. The Lord, situated in the hearts of all living entities, directs their senses. But He directs in terms of the surrender of the living entity, and in the case of a pure devotee He directly controls the senses. Here on the Battlefield of Kurukṣetra the Lord directly controls the transcendental senses of Arjuna, and thus His particular name of Hṛṣīkeśa. The Lord has different names according to His different activities. For example, His name is Madhusūdana because He killed the demon of the name Madhu; His name is Govinda because He gives pleasure to the cows and to the senses; His name is Vāsudeva because He appeared as the son of Vasudeva; His name is Devakī-nandana because He accepted Devakī as His mother; His name is Yaśodā-nandana because He awarded His childhood pastimes to Yaśodā at Vṛndāvana; His name is Pārtha-sārathi because He worked as charioteer of His friend Arjuna. Similarly, His name is Hṛṣīkeśa because He gave direction to Arjuna on the Battlefield of Kurukṣetra.

FORKLARING: I dette vers bliver Herren Kṛṣṇa omtalt som Hṛṣīkeśa, fordi Han ejer alle sanser. De levende væsener er uadskillelige dele af Ham, og derfor er de også uadskillelige dele af Hans sanser. Upersonalisterne kan ikke redegøre for de levende væseners sanser, og derfor er de altid opsatte på at beskrive alle levende væsener som uden sanser eller som upersonlige. Herren, der befinder Sig i hjertet på alle levende væsener, styrer deres sanser. Men Han styrer alle levende væsener i forhold til deres overgivelse, og i de rene hengivnes tilfælde styrer Han deres sanser direkte. Her på Kurukṣetras slagmark styres Arjunas transcendentale sanser direkte af Herren, og i den forbindelse er Hans særlige navn Hṛṣīkeśa. Herren har forskellige navne alt efter Sine forskellige aktiviteter. Hans navn er for eksempel Madhusūdana, fordi Han dræbte en dæmon ved navn Madhu. Hans navn er Govinda, fordi Han giver køerne og sanserne nydelse. Hans navn er Vāsudeva, fordi Han åbenbarede Sig som Vasudevas søn. Han kaldes Devakī-nandana, fordi Han gjorde Devakī til Sin mor. Hans navn er Yaśodā-nandana, fordi Han berigede Yaśodā i Vṛndāvana med Sine barndomslege. Han kaldes også Pārtha- sārathi, fordi Han fungerede som Sin ven Arjunas vognstyrer. På samme måde er Hans navn Hṛṣīkeśa, fordi Han ledte Arjuna på Kurukṣetras slagmark.

Arjuna is referred to as Dhanañjaya in this verse because he helped his elder brother in fetching wealth when it was required by the king to make expenditures for different sacrifices. Similarly, Bhīma is known as Vṛkodara because he could eat as voraciously as he could perform herculean tasks, such as killing the demon Hiḍimba. So the particular types of conchshell blown by the different personalities on the side of the Pāṇḍavas, beginning with the Lord’s, were all very encouraging to the fighting soldiers. On the other side there were no such credits, nor the presence of Lord Kṛṣṇa, the supreme director, nor that of the goddess of fortune. So they were predestined to lose the battle – and that was the message announced by the sounds of the conchshells.

Arjuna omtales som Dhanañjaya i dette vers, fordi han havde hjulpet sin ældre bror med at fremskaffe rigdomme, da kongen behøvede dem for at bekoste forskellige offerceremonier. På samme måde bliver Bhīma kaldt Vṛkodara, fordi han kunne spise lige så glubende, som han kunne udføre herkuliske bedrifter såsom at dræbe dæmonen Hiḍimba. De forskellige konkylier, der med Herrens som den første blev blæst i af de forskellige personer på Pāṇḍavaernes side, virkede således alle opmuntrende på de kæmpende soldater. Det var derimod ikke tilfældet i den anden lejr, og Herren Kṛṣṇa, den højeste hersker, eller lykkegudinden var heller ikke til stede der, så de var forudbestemt til at tabe slaget. Det var budskabet, som lyden af konkylierne bekendtgjorde.