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TEXTS 1-2

TEXTS 1-2

Tekst

Text

arjuna uvāca
prakṛtiṁ puruṣaṁ caiva
kṣetraṁ kṣetra-jñam eva ca
etad veditum icchāmi
jñānaṁ jñeyaṁ ca keśava
arjuna uvāca
prakṛtiṁ puruṣaṁ caiva
kṣetraṁ kṣetra-jñam eva ca
etad veditum icchāmi
jñānaṁ jñeyaṁ ca keśava
śrī-bhagavān uvāca
idaṁ śarīraṁ kaunteya
kṣetram ity abhidhīyate
etad yo vetti taṁ prāhuḥ
kṣetra-jña iti tad-vidaḥ
śrī-bhagavān uvāca
idaṁ śarīraṁ kaunteya
kṣetram ity abhidhīyate
etad yo vetti taṁ prāhuḥ
kṣetra-jña iti tad-vidaḥ

Synonyms

Synonyms

arjunaḥ uvāca — Arjuna sagde; prakṛtim — naturen; puruṣam — nyderen; ca — også; eva — afgjort; kṣetram — handlingsfeltet; kṣetra-jñam — den, som kender handlingsfeltet; eva — afgjort; ca — også; etat — alt dette; veditum — at forstå; icchāmi — jeg ønsker; jñānam — viden; jñeyam — genstanden for viden; ca — også; keśava — O Kṛṣṇa; śrī- bhagavān uvāca — Guddommens Personlighed sagde; idam — denne; śarīram — krop; kaunteya — O Kuntīs søn; kṣetram — handlingsfeltet; iti — således; abhidhīyate — kaldes; etat — dette; yaḥ — den, som; vetti — kender; tam — ham; prāhuḥ — de kalder; kṣetra-jñaḥ — feltets kender; iti — således; tat-vidaḥ — dem, der ved dette.

arjunaḥ uvāca — Arjuna said; prakṛtim — nature; puruṣam — the enjoyer; ca — also; eva — certainly; kṣetram — the field; kṣetra-jñam — the knower of the field; eva — certainly; ca — also; etat — all this; veditum — to understand; icchāmi — I wish; jñānam — knowledge; jñeyam — the object of knowledge; ca — also; keśava — O Kṛṣṇa; śrī-bhagavān uvāca — the Personality of Godhead said; idam — this; śarīram — body; kaunteya — O son of Kuntī; kṣetram — the field; iti — thus; abhidhīyate — is called; etat — this; yaḥ — one who; vetti — knows; tam — he; prāhuḥ — is called; kṣetra-jñaḥ — the knower of the field; iti — thus; tat-vidaḥ — by those who know this.

Translation

Translation

Arjuna sagde: O min kære Kṛṣṇa, jeg vil gerne vide, hvad prakṛti [naturen], puruṣa [nyderen], handlingsfeltet og feltets kender er, samt hvad viden og genstanden for viden er. Guddommens Højeste Personlighed svarede: Denne krop kaldes for handlingsfeltet, og den, der kender denne krop, kaldes for feltets kender, O Kuntīs søn.

Arjuna said: O my dear Kṛṣṇa, I wish to know about prakṛti [nature], puruṣa [the enjoyer], and the field and the knower of the field, and of knowledge and the object of knowledge. The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: This body, O son of Kuntī, is called the field, and one who knows this body is called the knower of the field.

Purport

Purport

FORKLARING: Arjuna ville gerne lære om prakṛti (naturen), puruṣa (nyderen), kṣetra (handlingsfeltet), kṣetra-jña (dets kender) samt viden og genstanden for viden. Da han spurgte om alt dette, svarede Kṛṣṇa, at denne krop kaldes for handlingsfeltet, og den, der kender denne krop, kaldes for feltets kender. Kroppen er den betingede sjæls handlingsfelt. Den betingede sjæl er fanget i den materielle eksistens og forsøger at herske over den materielle natur, og dermed får han et handlingsfelt i overensstemmelse med sin evne til at beherske den materielle natur. Dette handlingsfelt er kroppen. Og hvad er kroppen? Kroppen består af sanser. Den betingede sjæl ønsker at nyde sansetilfredsstillelse, så i forhold til sin kapacitet til at nyde sansetilfredsstillelse bliver han tildelt en krop eller et handlingsfelt. Kroppen kaldes derfor kṣetra eller den betingede sjæls handlingsfelt. Selve personen, der ikke burde identificere sig selv med sin krop, kaldes kṣetra-jña eller den, der kender feltet. Det er ikke så svært at forstå forskellen på feltet og dets kender eller kroppen og kroppens kender. Hvem som helst kan overveje, hvordan man N gennemgår alle mulige kropslige forandringer fra barndom til alderdom, men alligevel fortsat er den samme person. Der er således forskel på handlingsfeltets kender og selve handlingsfeltet. På den måde kan en betinget sjæl forstå, at han er forskellig fra sin krop. I begyndelsen blev det beskrevet, dehino ’smin (Bg. 2.13). Det levende væsen befinder sig inden i kroppen, der forandrer sig fra barndom til ungdom og fra ungdom til alderdom, og den person, der ejer kroppen, ved, at kroppen ændrer sig. Det er helt tydeligt, at kroppens indehaver er kṣetra-jña. Nogle gange tænker vi: “Jeg er glad,” “Jeg er en mand,” “Jeg er en kvinde,” “Jeg er en hund,” “Jeg er en kat.” Disse er kenderens kropslige betegnelser. Men den, der kender kroppen, er forskellig fra kroppen. Selv om vi anvender mange ting som vores tøj osv., ved vi, at vi er forskellige fra de ting, der anvendes. På samme måde kan vi, hvis vi tænker nærmere over det, også forstå, at vi er forskellige fra kroppen. Du, jeg eller hvem som helst, der ejer en krop, kaldes kṣetra-jña eller handlingsfeltets kender, og kroppen kaldes kṣetra, selve handlingsfeltet.

Arjuna was inquisitive about prakṛti (nature), puruṣa (the enjoyer), kṣetra (the field), kṣetra-jña (its knower), and knowledge and the object of knowledge. When he inquired about all these, Kṛṣṇa said that this body is called the field and that one who knows this body is called the knower of the field. This body is the field of activity for the conditioned soul. The conditioned soul is entrapped in material existence, and he attempts to lord it over material nature. And so, according to his capacity to dominate material nature, he gets a field of activity. That field of activity is the body. And what is the body? The body is made of senses. The conditioned soul wants to enjoy sense gratification, and, according to his capacity to enjoy sense gratification, he is offered a body, or field of activity. Therefore the body is called kṣetra, or the field of activity for the conditioned soul. Now, the person, who should not identify himself with the body, is called kṣetra-jña, the knower of the field. It is not very difficult to understand the difference between the field and its knower, the body and the knower of the body. Any person can consider that from childhood to old age he undergoes so many changes of body and yet is still one person, remaining. Thus there is a difference between the knower of the field of activities and the actual field of activities. A living conditioned soul can thus understand that he is different from the body. It is described in the beginning – dehino ’smin – that the living entity is within the body and that the body is changing from childhood to boyhood and from boyhood to youth and from youth to old age, and the person who owns the body knows that the body is changing. The owner is distinctly kṣetra-jña. Sometimes we think, “I am happy,” “I am a man,” “I am a woman,” “I am a dog,” “I am a cat.” These are the bodily designations of the knower. But the knower is different from the body. Although we may use many articles – our clothes, etc. – we know that we are different from the things used. Similarly, we also understand by a little contemplation that we are different from the body. I or you or anyone else who owns the body is called kṣetra-jña, the knower of the field of activities, and the body is called kṣetra, the field of activities itself.

I Bhagavad-gītās første seks kapitler bliver kroppens kender (det levende væsen) og den position, hvorfra man kan forstå den Højeste Herre, beskrevet. I Bhagavad-gītās seks midterste kapitler beskrives Guddommens Højeste Personlighed og forholdet mellem den individuelle sjæl og Oversjælen i relation til hengiven tjeneste. Guddommens Højeste Personligheds overordnede position og den individuelle sjæls underordnede position bliver helt klart præciseret i disse kapitler. De levende væsener er under alle omstændigheder underordnede, men i deres glemsel lider de. Når de gennem fromme handlinger bliver oplyste, nærmer de sig den Højeste Herre i forskellige kapaciteter som dem, der lider, dem, der mangler penge, dem, der er nysgerrige, og dem, der søger viden. Det er også blevet beskrevet. Nu her fra kapitel 13 bliver det forklaret, hvordan det levende væsen kommer i forbindelse med den materielle natur, og hvordan han bliver befriet af den Højeste Herre igennem forskellige processer såsom frugtstræbende handlinger, udvikling af viden og hengiven tjeneste. Selv om det levende væsen er helt forskelligt fra sin materielle krop, er han på en eller anden måde blevet forbundet med den. Dette vil også blive forklaret.

In the first six chapters of Bhagavad-gītā the knower of the body (the living entity) and the position by which he can understand the Supreme Lord are described. In the middle six chapters of the Bhagavad-gītā the Supreme Personality of Godhead and the relationship between the individual soul and the Supersoul in regard to devotional service are described. The superior position of the Supreme Personality of Godhead and the subordinate position of the individual soul are definitely defined in these chapters. The living entities are subordinate under all circumstances, but in their forgetfulness they are suffering. When enlightened by pious activities, they approach the Supreme Lord in different capacities – as the distressed, those in want of money, the inquisitive, and those in search of knowledge. That is also described. Now, starting with the Thirteenth Chapter, how the living entity comes into contact with material nature and how he is delivered by the Supreme Lord through the different methods of fruitive activities, cultivation of knowledge, and the discharge of devotional service are explained. Although the living entity is completely different from the material body, he somehow becomes related. This also is explained.